Technical Tasks Research Articles

Holistic Person-Centered Care in Radiotherapy: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Several types of health care professionals are responsible for the care of patients with cancer throughout their engagement with the health care system. One such type is the radiotherapist. The radiotherapist not only administers treatment but is also directly involved with the patient during treatment. Despite this direct contact with the patient, the narrative tends to focus more on technical tasks than the actual patient. This task-focused interaction is often due to the highly sophisticated equipment and complex radiotherapy treatment processes involved. This often results in not meeting the psychosocial needs of the patient, and patients have acknowledged noncompliance and delayed treatment as a result. The scoping review aims to explore, chart, and map the available literature on holistic person-centered care in radiotherapy and to identify and present key concepts, definitions, methodologies, knowledge gaps, and evidence related to holistic person-centered care in radiotherapy. This protocol was developed using previously described methodological frameworks for scoping studies. The review will include both peer-reviewed and gray literature regarding holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy. A comprehensive search strategy has been developed for MEDLINE (Ovid), which will be translated into the other included databases: Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Library, and the Directory of Open Access Journals. Gray literature searching will include Google (Google Books and Google Scholar), ProQuest, the WorldWideScience website, the OpenGrey website, and various university dissertation and thesis repositories. The title and abstract screening, full-text review, and relevant data extraction will be performed independently by all 3 reviewers using the Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation) software, which will also be used to guide the resolution of conflicts. Sources selected will be imported into ATLAS.ti (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH) for analysis, which will consist of content analysis, narrative analysis, and descriptive synthesis. Results will be presented using narrative, diagrammatic, and tabular formats. The review is expected to identify research gaps that will inform current and future holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy. The review commenced in November 2023, and the formal literature search was completed by the end of February 2024. Final results are expected to be published in a peer-reviewed journal by 2025. The findings of this review are expected to provide a wide variety of strategies aimed at providing holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy, as well as to identify some gaps in the literature. These findings will be used to inform future studies aimed at designing, developing, evaluating, and implementing strategies toward improved holistic, person-centered care in radiotherapy. DERR1-10.2196/51338.

Development of an intelligent assistant for selection of goods in the process of dialogue with the user

This article is devoted to the development of methods for creating intelligent assistants. Intelligent assistants can be used in call centers to solve customer problems, to solve technical support tasks, to help people with disabilities, to help in choosing goods, etc. We consider intelligent assistants that engage in argumentative dialogue with users, aimed at finding goods and services that maximally satisfy users’ wants and needs. The development of the intelligent assistant is based on a four-level model of the subject domain and a semantic model of the user. The system under development automates the process of search and decision justification through the reuse of domain cases: accumulated knowledge about previous dialogues with users. This gives the system we developed an advantage over existing analogues, which are incapable of reusing knowledge about previous dialogues. The paper develops a case-based approach to building an intelligent system capable of reasoning about its responses. For this purpose, an argumentation graph is constructed, methods for structuring domain cases are developed, and ontological homomorphisms are used to transform the available domain cases into a finished solution. A description of model-theoretical methods for constructing intelligent assistants is presented. The cases of goods, users and dialogues of an intelligent assistant with users are formally described in the form of partial models. The transformation of domain cases and similarity of cases are formalized using ontological homomorphisms of partial models. The purpose of the developed dialogue system is not only to select a solution according to the user’s request, but also to find out the tasks that the user is going to solve, to analyze his argumentation, and then to justify the proposed solution to the user, to show that this particular product or service will be able to meet his needs.

Artificial Intelligence Models for Predicting Budget Expenditures

This study develops and tests a machine learning (ML)-based cost forecasting model against traditional earned value management (EVM) techniques. Utilizing Python for ML implementation, the research applies algorithms to a dataset of completed projects globally, evaluating their performance with metrics like mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and percentage error (PE). The results confirmed that ML give more accurate results than the traditional methods. Thus, the initial rate showing that XGBoost is more accurate than the traditional method using Index-2 is 88%.  In 23 of 25 randomly selected projects, this algorithm was more accurate. At the middle stage, the same frequency is 92.6%; later stage, the selected criterion further confirms that the ML algorithm is more accurate than the traditional method, accounting for 75% of 21 projects out of 28. By introducing ML into project management forecasting, managers could spend less time on the technical tasks in their projects. Despite its effectiveness, the study's scope is limited by a small sample size of 110 projects and the testing of only three algorithms. Future research is suggested to expand the dataset and explore additional algorithms, including neural networks and tree-based methods, to enhance forecasting precision.

Directions for the formation of «City Intelligent models» using artificial intelligence for the post-war reconstruction of historical buildings

Addressing the limitations of current digital simulations for historical buildings, this paper suggests a specific technical task for the development of a simulation analysis platform based on City Intelligent Modelling (CIM). The objective is to establish a systematic approach for digitally maintaining and managing historical dwellings. The technique presented in this paper focuses on constructing sophisticated parametric models that offer numerous modelling benefits, allowing for convenient updates to the Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM). The text discusses various applications and integrations of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in urban planning, construction projects, and historic building renovations. CIM is presented as a comprehensive digital platform that visually represents cities, aiding urban planners in decision-making for sustainable development. The text delves into the use of advanced analytical tools within CIM for diverse data analysis, predictive modelling, and simulation to forecast trends. The focus shifts to the evolution of BIM, progressing from 3D to 5D models, influencing construction project management and cost estimation. The integration of BIM in historic building projects is explored, emphasising the challenges and proposing innovative solutions using HBIM. The paper also introduces the concept of Infrastructural Building Information Modelling (InfraBIM) in construction management, incorporating Virtual and Augmented Reality for enhanced visualisation.

Моделювання стійкості та надійності системи грунт-фундамент-будівля при дії силових та високотемпературних впливів

Given the great potential of using the underground space under construction, the question arises of ensuring the stability and reliability of the soil-foundation-building system for the timely detection of signs of destruction, soil subsidence or material fatigue of structures. The analysis of literary sources and the set research tasks were carried out. An urgent scientific and technical task is the development of a numerical model and methodology for the complex calculation of avalanche-like collapse of buildings and structures in the event of fire and explosions, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of soils and their properties. In the course of research, a numerical model was developed with the help of LIRA-SAPR software and a numerical simulation of a four-story car park (parking lot) was carried out, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of soils and their properties, which will later be used to simulate an avalanche-like collapse in the event of a fire (explosion). . For this, the first stage was the construction of a model of a four-story car park (parking lot): creating an initial project (determining the dimensions and characteristics of the building, choosing the necessary parameters for modeling - height, width, length, location of entrances and exits, placement of cars); creating a 3D model in the SAPPHIRE 3D program (using tools to build a building: walls, ceiling, floors, stairs, elevators, etc., adding parking elements); setting model parameters (specifying materials for building elements, setting parameters for calculating loads); model analysis and problem solving (checking the model for errors, correcting parameters to achieve optimal results); performing calculations and analyzing the results; preparation of the report and conclusions. In the second stage, the model was checked in the PC "LIRA-SAPR", the soil array was built in the soil module. Works include: import of the model to "LIRA-SAPR"; analysis of the model for compliance (checking the geometry and dimensions of the building in LIRA-CAD, checking the presence of the necessary structural elements and their parameters); creation of a soil massif (starting the soil module as part of LIRA-SAPR, selecting parameters for building a soil massif - soil type, depth, load parameters, etc.); construction of the soil massif (using the tools of the soil module to construct the soil massif under the building, specifying parameters of depth, levels, soil properties, etc.); analysis of the impact of the soil mass on the structure (calculations to determine the impact of soil pressure on the building structure, analysis of the results of the engineering and geological characteristics of the soil mass on the need for correction of the building structure); model correction and re-analysis (making changes to the building model or soil mass parameters, re-analysis of the influence of the soil mass on the structure to determine the appropriate changes and corrections).

The impact of boxing on the physical health of young athletes at the initial training stage

Modern socio-economic and political problems in Ukraine, associated with martial law, place high demands on the physical health, performance and active physical condition of schoolchildren. Boxing is currently very popular among many youth sports. The purpose of the study is to experimentally test the effect of boxing on the physical health of young athletes at the stage of initial training. Methodology. To solve the problems, the following research methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological literature; sociological methods (survey, conversations, questionnaires); pedagogical methods (pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment); physiometric and index methods; methods of mathematical statistics. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the improvement of the methodology for using boxing tools to improve the health level of young athletes at the stage of initial training. Results. The formation of the experimental methodology was based on the following pedagogical provisions: an integrated approach to the development of physical qualities; health-improving orientation of boxing classes, which was ensured by regular physical activity, compliance with general didactic principles of accessibility, gradualism and age-appropriate technical and physical tasks, as well as by conducting the vast majority of classes in the fresh air. Conclusions. The final assessment of the level of physical health of the test subjects in the experimental group corresponds to above the average level of health, while for the young boxers in the control group it corresponds to below the average level of health. This fact indicates the effectiveness of the introduced boxing training methodology at the initial training stage.

Study of Stability Criteria of Automatic Control Systems By Multiparametric Aviation Objects

ABSTRACT This paper considers the comparative analysis of the physical and mathematical methods of the optimal operation of aviation objects’ automatic control systems, which is an urgent scientific and technical task. The paper also represents the corresponding stability criteria, depending on the operating conditions, and the influence of external factors that allows ensuring the automatic control systems’ reliable operation not only in normal circumstances, but also in the presence of probable disagreements. The scientific novelty of the research lies in developing new stability criteria by means of synthesising the influence of different factors and also the ability to ensure optimal functioning of the automatic control systems. Corresponding mathematical and computer models have been developed. The use of these models allows to determine the optimal stability criteria for control systems with parameters of a different physical nature and ensure reliable operation of electromechanical systems for general and special applications based on the current analysis. The research results are illustrated by corresponding mathematical models, engineering calculations and modelling of the optimal control limits depending on the influence of various factors. The simulation results coincide with the theoretical calculations, which indicates the consistency between the microprocessor-based and software of automatic control systems.

A pulse oximeter for measuring the blood oxygenation level considering the carboxyhemoglobin concentration: principles of development, computer model and accuracy assessment

The main method for estimating the level of arterial blood oxygenation is pulse oximetry, which has the advantages of being fast, simple, reliable, and non-invasive. However, in well-known pulse oximeters, oxygen saturation is determined only by hemoglobin functional fractions, which reduces the device accuracy and is unacceptable in certain clinical cases. The known pulse oximeter improvement that considers the dysfunctional fraction concentration, especially carboxyhemoglobin, when measuring the level of blood oxygenation is an actual scientific and technical task. The research subjects. Mathematical, algorithmic, and technical support of a pulse oximeter that measures blood oxygenation levels considering the carboxyhemoglobin concentration. Objective. To expand the pulse oximeter functionality to consider the concentration of carboxyhemoglobin in arterial blood. Methods. Methods of computer simulation for developing a model and estimating the pulse oximeter accuracy that measures the blood oxygenation level considering the carboxyhemoglobin concentration. Results. The theoretical statements of measuring the level of blood oxygenation considering the carboxyhemoglobin concentration and the simplest pulse oximeter structural diagram for measuring are developed. An additional LED used in the pulse oximeter is proposed, and the wavelength choice is justified on the condition of maximizing the carboxyhemoglobin contribution to the optical density of the biological object. Computer models of a traditional pulse oximeter and a pulse oximeter with an additional LED were developed, simulation research was conducted using the developed models, and the device accuracy for measuring the level of blood oxygenation was estimated considering the carboxyhemoglobin concentration. Conclusions. Simulation studies based on the developed models show that the proposed pulse oximeter, compared with the known one, allows determining and estimating a decrease in blood oxygenation caused by the carboxyhemoglobin concentration increasing in the patient’s blood. Considering that light is also absorbed by the third derivative of hemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, increases the accuracy of the proposed pulse oximeter in measuring functional saturation.

Strategic Implementation and Organizational Performance of Deposit Taking Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Nairobi City County, Kenya

This study sought to establish the influence of strategic implementation on organizational performance of Deposit Taking SACCOs in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the influence of strategic competence, strategic direction, organization structure and strategic communication on organizational performance of Deposit Taking SACCOs in Nairobi City County. The study was grounded on several theories including Resource Based View theory, Game theory, General systems theory, and Contingency Theory. The study employed a descriptive research design. The target population was the 42 Deposit Taking SACCOs in Nairobi City County. There were 272 management (top, and middle) staffs working in the head offices of the DT-SACCOs. This research used both convenient and stratified random sampling. From the population of 272, a sample of 30% was selected. This generated a sample of 81 respondents. This study mainly relied on primary data collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The pilot study was conducted using eight (8) respondents drawn from SACCOs in Machakos County. Machakos County was selected due to its convenience and suitability to portray the characteristics of the target population. Internal consistency method was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha test while validity was ensured by seeking lecturer’s opinions on the face validity of the research instrument. The researcher administered the survey questionnaires to the staff in DT- SACCOs in Nairobi City County. The data gathered was entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS (Version 25). Descriptive analysis included frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. Multiple linear regression model was used to measure the relationship between the study variables. Tables were used to summarize responses for further analysis and facilitate comparison. The study found that strategic competence affects the performance of DT- SACCOs to a moderate extent. Technical knowledge, roles and task involvement, technological knowledge and job training influences the performance of DT SACCOs to great extents. The study found that strategic direction influences the performance of DT- SACCOs to a great extent. Mission, vision, planning and execution and that goals and objectives play great roles on the performance of the DT-SACCOs. From the study, organizational structure influences the performance of DT-SACCOs to a great extent. Task allocation and coordination, chain of command, teamwork and strategic communication were found to affect the performance of DT SACCOs to great extents. The study found that strategic communication influences the performance of DT-SACCOs to a moderate extent. The study concludes that strategic competences, strategic direction, organizational structures and strategic communication have great influence on the performance of DT-SACCOs.

Концепция содержания технического задания мобильного приложения «ВДвижении» для регулирования двигательной активности студентов

The article presents a theoretical model of a prototype of a domestic application that regulates the motor activity of university students. The reasons are substantiated for the development and design of the technical task of reference for a mobile application. The positive aspects are indicated of using a mobile application of domestic development in the educational process in the disciplines (modules) of physical culture and sports. Using the application, training will be carried out on the basis of observations and self-regulation of psychological state and characteristics of other data determined by objective and subjective factors.

The mechanism for improving the management of the maintenance and repair process using neural network technology

The system of preventive maintenance for various types of equipment is considered. To identify the need for managerial influence on the processes of maintenance and repair of the product, the coefficient of variation of the maintenance (repair) cycle is proposed. This coefficient is formed by the values of operating time or work between stops for maintenance or repair. To determine its numerical value, it is recommended to use such concepts as "maintenance (repair) cycle" and "frequency of maintenance (repair)". The values of the coefficient characterizing the stability of the process of repair and maintenance of the product are determined. These values of the coefficient are proposed to be used to justify the need to analyze the causes of failures or, in other words, the instability of the repair and maintenance process. The main managerial influences on the process of maintenance and repair are determined, which can be taken as a result of the analysis of the causes of failures. These include: the decision to search for a technical service provider, expanding the competencies of employees, updating the material base. Modern industry 4.0 tools allow you to get the required level of quality when working with a large data stream. The use of neural network technology in various technical service management tasks is due to some advantages over classical methods of statistical processing of results. The experiments of various authors are presented in which it is shown that neural network technologies are able to interpret graphic information, justify its use in technical diagnostics at the stage of analyzing diagnostic information in the form of oscillograms, which allows the use of complex diagnostic equipment in the absence of experts. A neural network simulation was carried out to recognize defects in bearing assemblies. As a result, the created neural network recognized the type of defect in accordance with the matrices of input signals and the output matrix of types of defects, which makes it possible to develop a mechanism for improving technical service using neural networks as a tool for analyzing diagnostic information in the absence of experts in this field.

Диагностика неисправностей синхронных генераторов путем компьютерного моделирования внешнего магнитного поля

Currently, the development of non-invasive diagnostic methods for electric machines and especially generators, as the main producers of electric energy, using magnetic field fixation sensors is an urgent scientific and technical task. To solve this problem, research has been conducted to develop a method for troubleshooting a synchronous generator by analyzing an external magnetic field. The article discusses the main issues of computer modeling of an external magnetic field in the FEMM 4.2 system for troubleshooting. Mathematical expressions are given for creating a computer model of a synchronous generator in two-dimensional space, on the basis of which a numerical solution of the external magnetic field is formed using the finite element method. The modeling takes into account the design features of the synchronous generator. The main stages of work in the FEMM 4.2 system are defined. The geometric model of the synchronous generator is imported from the computer-aided design system. The physical properties of all elements of the model are determined by the structural materials of the synchronous generator and the external space. The control program, created on the basis of the algorithm presented in the article, allows you to simulate the rotation of the inductor of a synchronous generator, automate the calculations of the electromagnetic field and display the results. An example of using a computer model of a synchronous generator for troubleshooting by examining an external magnetic field is given. Based on the results of a numerical solution of the external magnetic field, a harmonic analysis of the magnetic induction of a working synchronous generator was carried out. The article shows that a diagnostic sign of static eccentricity of a synchronous generator inductor is the appearance of even harmonics in the magnetic induction spectrum of an external magnetic field Based on the results obtained, the dependence of the growth of even harmonics on the magnitude of the displacement of the inductor of the synchronous generator is determined.

A Literature Survey on AI Driven Career Path Prediction

The field of career path prediction and professional planning has seen a significant change due to the growing convergence of AI and computational intelligence. This overview of the literature delves into the latest developments in AI-powered career path prediction, combining research results from several fields. Predictive models and approaches applied to scientists, IT professionals, MBAs, students, and individuals in a variety of industries are examined in this study. The study begins with an analysis of how mixed job expectations affect IT professionals' career satisfaction, emphasizing the careful balance that must be struck between administrative and technical tasks. The gender gap in MBA career trajectories is discussed in the following sections, with a focus on wage distribution, promotions, and patterns of mobility. After that, the review turns its attention to long-term career projections and presents cutting-edge models like NAOMI, Fortune Teller, and CareerBERT

Localized modes in platinum aluminides

Platinum aluminides have the prospect of being used as both functional and structural materials for a range of scientific and technical tasks. They possess unique properties that make them effective catalysts. The dynamics of the crystal lattice play an important role in the manifestation of these properties. In this study, an analysis of the density of phonon states of crystals and the possibility of the existence of localized lattice vibrations in Al and Pt alloys is conducted using atomistic modeling. The following compounds are considered: AlPt, Al2Pt, Al3Pt, AlPt2, Al3Pt5, AlPt3 (four types of lattices). The calculated phonon spectra allow for the assessment of the possibility of the existence of nonlinear localized modes in the forbidden zone of the spectrum, if it is present. It is shown that a number of crystals within the framework of the considered formalism and interatomic potential can have a forbidden zone. This condition, together with the nonlinearity of the bonds, ensures the existence of highly-amplitude localized modes in the following compounds: AlPt3, AlPt3(1), AlPt3(2), AlPt3(3). It is also established that in the Al3Pt5 alloy, the existence of prolonged high-amplitude excitations on the Al atom is possible.

Artificial Intelligence as Author of Scientific Publications

Ascribing authorship of scientific publications to artificial intelligence is a complex and controversial issue. However, it is a challenging and uncertain problem that, given the growing development of artificial intelligence-based technologies that go beyond the performance of purely technical tasks and even contribute to the development of aspects such as the incorporation of scientific research information published in languages other than English, also contributing to potential insights in research, is becoming unavoidable when considering scientific publishing. This paper aims to add to this discussion by arguing that, although this is a challenging and even controversial position, it is inevitable and even ethically desirable to accept artificial intelligence, if it subsidizes sufficiently, as a (co-)author of any scientific publication. It is a matter of starting to think about how this attribution can be controlled and achieved with increasing respect for the ethics of scientific publication.

Nurses' perspectives on patient involvement in an emergency department – An interview study

BackgroundPatient involvement in healthcare decisions is key to patient-centred care, and it is an area subject to continuous political focus. However, patient-centred care and patient involvement are challenging to implement in an emergency department (ED) setting, as EDs tend to focus on structures, processes, and outcomes. This study explored nurses’ perspectives on patient involvement in an ED setting. MethodThis study applied an explorative design and conducted focus group interviews to generate data; abductive reasoning was chosen as the analytical method. Two focus groups were held in February 2021, each including six ED nurses. ResultsFour themes were generated: notions of patient involvement, significant factors, ED culture, and management. Nurses considered patient involvement an optional add-on and, to some extent, a matter of tokenism carried forward by managers who are afraid of complaints and bad media coverage. Patient involvement in the form of providing information to patients was considered important yet less critical than life-saving and technical tasks. ConclusionED nurses’ perspectives on patient involvement are particularly influenced by the technical and life-saving culture in an ED. Information provision is considered patient involvement and is decided and administered by nurses.

Zalety materiałów kompozytowych stosowanych w otworowych narzędziach skrawających

One of the important reserves for the growth of oil and gas production is the acceleration of emergency recovery work in production and exploration wells at minimal cost. A significant amount of work in downhole conditions is performed using downhole destructive and cutting tools. Each oil and gas producing country annually uses more than 100 standard sizes, thousands of cutting tool sets: downhole, annular, combined, pilot, internal and external pipe cutters, as well as reamers for cutting side “windows” in production strings. Therefore, the need for them is growing significantly every year. The conducted experiments show that during the operation of cutting tools, the working abrasive-cutting part of the tool wears out and collapses, but the body, other elements and the connecting thread remain suitable for further operation. Therefore, the restoration of working bodies, consisting of crushed particles of used borehole cutting tools, is an urgent scientific and technical task for the oil and gas industry. When repairing oil and gas wells, as well as eliminating the most complex accidents, more than a hundred standard sizes of downhole cutting and destructive tools are used. Currently, an acute shortage of this equipment in oilfield facilities makes it necessary to reconsider the technologies for restoring downhole cutting and destructive tools and introduce them into production. The conducted studies show that there is not enough information about the thickness and height of the layers of the material applied to the damaged area of the cutting and destructive tool, as well as the information necessary for the optimal mode of its operation and its effectiveness after restoration. Composite materials are widely used in the preparation of cutting-chopping and destructive elements of oil-field tools and equipment used in the drilling, operation and repair of wells. In order to increase the cutting capacity of the cutting part of the tool, it is necessary to investigate the advantages of tungsten-carbide (TC) type composite materials compared to other materials and ensure their resistance to high temperatures. As a result of theoretical studies, the stress-deformation state of the contact areas of the composite elements, where the working areas of the cutting and destructive tools are reinforced, and the dependence of the productivity of the composite materials on the speed of transition to metal and the sizes of the composite grains were determined by using the finite element method (two-dimensional simplex elements).

Methodology and Instrumentation Development for a Solar Module Diagnosing System in a Remote Mode under Non-Uniform Illuminaion

The monitoring principle of the solar module conditions as a part of photovoltaic power plants is considered. In the existing monitoring technology, information about the electrical parameters of individual solar modules being the part of linear chains gets lost. If a fault is not detected and corrected in a timely manner, energy production is reduced and the risk of local hot spot formation in the photovoltaic converters that make up the solar modules increases. The technical task is to equip the solar module with a diagnostic unit simple in design and capable to detect a violation of the normal operating mode automatically. A system for diagnosing solar modules in a remote mode has been developed, which determines the presence of current in the bypass diode circuit being the violation of the normal operation mode of the module. The current sensor (based on the Hall effect) detects the presence of current in the bypass diode circuit (i.e., current flowing bypassing a group of solar cells located at reduced illumination). This installation makes it possible to detect electric current in the bypass diode circuit, where it should not exist during normal operation, which is a consequence of the fact that the solar module group of solar cells shunted by this bypass diode has stopped generating electric current, due to the fact that the illumination of one or several PV cells in this group became lower than the PV illumination in other groups of the solar module. The diagnostic unit operates as part of a wireless sensor network. Each wireless diagnostic unit has a unique address, thanks to which it is possible to determine the coordinates of a module that is operating intermittently. The technical result is to simplify the design, increase the reliability of the solar module, and reduce the time for localizing the “problem module”.

Analysis of Financial Reports in Companies Using Machine Learning

The article aims to develop new algorithms for the automated analysis of financial reports based on machine learning algorithms, which increase the efficiency and accuracy of converting financial information into a text form. In this context, special attention is paid to deep learning methods and neural networks that contribute to automating and analyzing financial reports and their further interpretation. The article examines the problems of generating text data from financial statements, describes the general characteristics of this process, and systematizes the technologies used to solve the task of developing text data and available methods of machine learning. Specific technologies of text generation using neural networks were analyzed, and the potential and prospects of machine learning in the creation of text data based on the analysis of financial reports were investigated. The process of developing a module intended for automated analysis of financial statements is described in detail, a technical task is created, which is necessary to solve the given task, and the structure and functionality of the developed module in the automated system are described. The result is a developed module for automated analysis of financial reports. Given that the module is created using Python, it can be easily integrated into different systems or function as an independent system, for example, a website or an application for a personal computer. The results of the developed automated module are demonstrated in the example of the analysis of financial reports of the companies Microsoft, Alphabet, and Apple.

Digital Transformation of Optimal Decision-making in Economic and Engineering Systems Based on the Theory and Methods of Vector Optimization

Objective: The purpose of the work is to analyze, study the processes of digital transformation and make optimal decisions in economic and engineering systems based on the theories and methods of vector optimization. Methods: Methods for studying the processes of digital transformation of economic and engineering systems are based on the author's theory of vector optimization, which is represented by: axiomatics and optimality principles that show how one solution is better than another. On the basis of the principles of optimality, constructive methods for solving vector problems have been built, firstly, with equivalent criteria, and, secondly, with a given priority of the criterion: https://rdcu.be/bhZ8i (Springer Nature's "Vector optimization with equivalent and priority criteria" is distributed free of charge.) The paper presents that the problem of accepting the optimal process is carried out as a result of the digital transformation of the initial (statistical, experimental) data into vector problems in optimization, which represents a mathematical model of economic and engineering systems. Depending on the number and type of criteria, we solve problems with a vector of criteria, each component of which is directed to the maximum, and with a vector of criteria, each component of which is aimed at a minimum, in aggregate. Results: The result of the study is the practical orientation of digital transformation, which is shown in the computer-aided design of economic and engineering systems based on vector optimization. For this purpose, software for solving vector problems of linear and nonlinear programming has been developed. Linear vector problems are used in economic systems (forecasting, planning). Software for solving vector problems of nonlinear programming are used digital transformation of optimal decision-making in engineering problems. Conclusion: In conclusion, numerical examples in the field of economic systems are presented by the digital transformation of optimal decision-making in the development of the company. When making optimal decisions in engineering systems, the following has been developed: the construction of initial data (technical task) for modeling; transformation of a mathematical model under uncertainty into a model under conditions of certainty; making an optimal decision with equivalent criteria; making the optimal decision with a given priority criterion